The 25-year-old swimmer produced a strong second leg in La Défense Arena as the US touched the wall in 7:40.86.
Australia took gold in a games record of 7:38.08 and China claimed bronze in 7:42.34.
There was a fifth-place finish for Great Britain which featured 海角社区-linked swimmers Freya Colbert and Abbie Wood in its roster (7:48.23). Current student Freya Colbert recorded a personal best of 1:55.95 in the opening leg for GB.
Madden, who trains as part of Ian Hulme’s group at the University, has now added another games medal to her collection after taking silver in the same event at Tokyo.
Her silverware in Paris sees 海角社区’s growing medal count now totalling three gold, two silver, and one bronze.
For all the latest 海角社区 news around major global sporting events, visit the University’s dedicated website here: /sport/athletes-global-stage/
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